Abstract: Procedure of pre-operative ultrasonic imaging was conducted for nine patients with verified diagnosis of cervical adenocarcinoma. All the diagnosis were morphologically confirmed. A complex ultrasonic examination consisted of transabdominal and transvaginal echography of true pelvis organs as well as transabdominal examination of abdomen cavity and retroperitoneal space. All patients underwent true pelvis ultrasonic scanning including CDM mode, ED and Doppler pulse - wave mode. Based on the analyzed data, it was defined that echography makes it possible to determine the behavior of tumor local growth and to reveal metastases. We have traced a clear relationship of a disease stage on a ultrasonically fixed tumor size. An attempt is made to reveal specific echographic signs of adenocarcinoma of the cervix.
Abstract: Despite the comparatively low morbidity rate, skin melanoma is known for its high mortality rate. High metastatic potential of the tumor, urges the necessity of improving methods of diagnostics, which can identify metastasis and assess the degree of dissemination at the early stage of disease. We have analyzed results of ultrasound imaging of one of the earliest and frequent types of progression of melanoma - metastasis in regional lymphatic nodes. The article presents results of examination of 182 patients with skin melanoma with early metastasis in lymphatic nodes, also - characteristics of the image of tumor changes are described. The high informativeness of ultrasound research for timely identification of metastatic changes and, respectively, the increase of the rate of survival of patients with skin melanoma are demonstrated. References 1. American Cancer Society.: Cancer Facts and Figures 2012. [Электронный ресурс]//Atlanta, Ga: American Cancer Society, 2012. URL: http://www.cancer.org/Research/ CancerFactsFigures/CancerFactsFigures/cancer-facts-figures-2012 (дата обращения: 21.12.2012) 2. Balch C.M., Gershenwald J.E., Soong S.J., Thompson J.F., Atkins M.B., Byrd D.R., et al. Final version of 2009 AJCC melanoma staging and classification. J. Clin. Oncol. 2009; 27(36): 6199-6206. 3. College of American Pathologists (CAP). Protocol for the Examination of Specimens from Patients with Melanoma of the Skin [Электронный ресурс]//Version 3.2.0.0. June 2011. URL: http://www.cap.org/apps/ docs/committees/cancer/cancer_protocols/2012/ SkinMelanoma_12protocol.pdf (дата обращения: 2012.12.21) 4. Thompson J.F, Shaw H.M. Sentinel node mapping for melanoma: results of trials and current applications. Surg. Oncol Clin. N. Am. 2007;16(1): 35-54. 5. Ferrone C.R., Panageas K.S., Busam K. et al. Multivariate prognostic model for patients with thick cutaneous melanoma: importance of sentinel lymph node status. Ann. Surg. Oncol. 2002; 9(7): 637-645. 6. Gershenwald J.E., Mansfield P.F., Lee J.E. et al. Role for lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with thick (> or = 7. O’Brien CJ., Uren R.F, Thompson J.F. et al. Prediction of potential metastatic sites in cutaneous head and neck melanoma using lymphoscintigraphy. Am. J. Surg. 1995; 170(5): 461-466. 8. Uren R.F. Lymphatic drainage of the skin. Ann. Surg. Oncol. 2004; 11(3 Suppl): 179-185. 9. Blum A., Schlagenhauff B., Stroebel W. et al. Ultrasound examination of regional lymph nodes significantly improves early detection of locoregional metastases during the follow-up of patients with cutaneous melanoma. Cancer. 2000; 88 (11): 2534-2539. 10. Voit C.A., Van Akkooi A.C.J., Sc^fer-Hesterberg G. et al. Ultrasound Morphology Criteria Predict Metastatic Disease of the Sentinel Nodes in Patients With Melanoma. J. Clin. Oncology. 2010; 28 (5): 847-852. 11. Voit C.A., van Akkooi A.C.J., Schaefer-Hesterberg G. et al. Rotterdam criteria for sentinel node (SN) tumor burden and the accuracy of ultrasound (US)-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNAC) cytology: Can US-guided FNAC replace SN staging in patients with melanoma? J. Clin. Oncol. 2009; 27: 4994-5000. 12. Струков А.И., Серов В.В. Патологическая анатомия. 4-е изд. М.: Медицина, 1995. 688.
Abstract: In patients with severe multiple trauma, posttraumatic period is often complicated by the development of polyorgan insufficiency, development of which is connected with morpho-functional changes of the liver parenchyma. Aim: was to identify dynamics of ultrasound signs of morphological and functional changes of liver in patients with multiple trauma. Materials and methods: performed analysis of ultrasound data obtained in dynamics, in 28 patients with severe multiple trauma. From the analysis, we excluded patients with blunt abdominal trauma with injury of liver. In first 2 days, 21 patients underwent surgical operations in treatment of craniocerebral trauma and trauma of musculoskeletal system. All patients underwent ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space to exclude possibility of appearance of free liquid; also estimated condition of liver, spleen, functional and morphological condition of the gastrointestinal tract. In first days after trauma, ultrasound examination was performed 2-3 times. Color duplex scanning of vessels of liver and spleen was performed once a day or every other day for 2-3 weeks of a traumatic period. Evaluated arterial and venous blood flow of liver by measuring the linear blood flow velocity (LBFV) and resistance index (RI), portal blood flow by measurement of linear and volumetric flow rate. Results: in all patients on admission to hospital, liver and spleen sizes had normal size. On the 3rd day after the injury, was revealed an increase in the cranio-caudal liver size by 2-4 cm and increased length of spleen by 5-8 cm, which lasts for 10-20 days. During dynamical ultrasound, 8 patients with 10-20 days against a background of increasing level of bilirubin and transaminases, in addition to increasing size of liver and spleen, we marked infiltration of tissues along hepatic veins with their narrowing and along branches of the portal vein with thickness from 0,25 to 0,7 cm. We marked LBFV decreasement by portal vein to 10-13 cm/sec and a volume flow to 250-400 ml / min, increased RI by hepatic artery In 3 patients in the liver parenchyma, we revealed avascular tissue regions with decreased echogenicity, indicating the formation of ischemic regions. Conclusion: during dynamical ultrasound in patients with severe multiple trauma, on day 3 after injury, were diagnosed morphological changes in liver parenchyma with violation of its hemodynamics. Further progression of the process observed for 10-20 days from the date of trauma: the growth of intrahepatic portal hypertension, increased peripheral resistance in arteries of liver parenchyma, the appearance of ischemic areas of liver parenchyma. The totality of above ultrasonic signs of hemodynamic disorders of liver, characterize organic hepatocellular insufficiency, which is a poor prognostic sign in the development of polyorgan insufficiency. References 1. Marushhak E.A. 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